Obesity is a chronic medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide and significantly impacts overall health, confidence, and quality of life. More than just excess weight, obesity is linked to hormonal imbalance, metabolic changes, insulin resistance, and increased risks of diabetes, heart disease, and joint problems. Many individuals struggle to lose weight on their own due to biological and lifestyle factors that make long-term success challenging.

At MedConsult Clinic in Bangkok, our doctors provide a medically supervised approach to weight management. We assess the root causes of obesity and develop personalized treatment plans using evidence-based methods, including GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Saxenda, nutritional guidance, lifestyle modification, and close follow-up. With the right support, sustainable weight loss is achievable and we are here to help you improve your health safely and effectively.

What Is Obesity?

Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat that poses risks to health. It is commonly assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI):

• BMI 25.0–29.9: Overweight

• BMI ≥ 30.0: Obesity

While BMI is widely used, medical providers may also assess:

• Body fat percentage

• Waist circumference (central obesity risk)

• Waist-to-hip ratio

• Metabolic markers (e.g., blood sugar, cholesterol, liver function)

These measurements give a more complete picture of potential health risks.

Health Risks Associated With Obesity

Obesity has a direct impact on nearly every major body system. It is considered one of the leading preventable causes of chronic illnesses.

Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases

Excess fat — especially around the abdomen — increases the risk of:

• Type 2 diabetes

• High blood pressure

• High cholesterol

• Heart disease

• Stroke

• Metabolic syndrome

These conditions often develop silently over many years.

Liver and Kidney Problems

Obesity is a major contributor to:

• Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

• Increased risk of chronic kidney disease

Respiratory and Sleep Disorders

Many individuals with obesity experience:

• Sleep apnea

• Poor sleep quality

• Shortness of breath

• Fatigue

Poor sleep further disrupts hormones and appetite regulation.

Musculoskeletal Issues

Excess weight puts stress on joints, leading to:

• Knee and hip pain

• Lower back pain

• Early osteoarthritis

Increased Cancer Risk

Research shows that obesity increases the likelihood of developing certain cancers, including:

• Breast cancer

• Colon cancer

• Pancreatic cancer

• Endometrial cancer

Mental & Emotional Impact

Obesity can influence:

• Self-esteem

• Social confidence

• Anxiety or depression

• Reduced energy and quality of life

It’s important to view obesity as a health condition — not a personal failing.

What Causes Obesity?

Obesity is complex and multifactorial. It rarely stems from a single cause.

1. Lifestyle and Diet

• High-calorie foods

• Sugary drinks

• Processed foods

• Irregular meal patterns

• Sedentary lifestyle

• Long hours of sitting (common in office jobs)

2. Biological and Metabolic Factors

• Genetics

• Slow metabolism

• Hormonal imbalance

• Insulin resistance

• Thyroid disorders

• Side effects of certain medications

3. Psychological Factors

• Stress or emotional eating

• Sleep deprivation

• Depression or anxiety

• History of trauma

Mental health plays a crucial role in appetite, motivation, and long-term weight management.

4. Environmental Factors (Especially in Big Cities)

Common influences in Bangkok include:

• Convenience foods everywhere

• High stress work culture

• Limited time for exercise

• Nightlife and late dinners

• Urban noise affecting sleep quality

5. Medical Causes

Certain medical conditions can lead to weight gain:

• PCOS

• Hypothyroidism

• Cushing’s syndrome

• Chronic pain limiting movement

How to Know If You’re at Risk

You may be experiencing obesity or pre-obesity if you notice:

• Increasing waist circumference

• Low energy despite sleeping

• Sugar cravings

• Shortness of breath with mild activity

• Difficulty losing weight despite effort

• Irregular menstruation (in women)

• High blood pressure or cholesterol

• Liver function abnormalities